Inxi - jaudīgs, ar funkcijām bagāts komandrindas sistēmas informācijas rīks Linux
Inxi ir spēcīgs un ievērojams komandrindas sistēmas informācijas skripts, kas paredzēts gan konsolei, gan IRC (Internet Relay Chat). To var izmantot, lai uzreiz secinātu lietotāja sistēmas konfigurāciju un aparatūras informāciju, kā arī darbojas kā atkļūdošanas un foruma tehniskā atbalsta rīks.
Tajā tiek parādīta ērta informācija par sistēmas aparatūru (cietais disks, skaņas kartes, grafiskā karte, tīkla kartes, CPU, RAM un citas), kā arī sistēmas informācija par draiveriem, Xorg, darbvirsmas vidi, kodolu, GCC versiju (-ām), procesiem, darbības laiku, atmiņu un plašu citas noderīgas informācijas klāstu.
Tomēr tā izvade komandrindā un IRC nedaudz atšķiras, un daži noklusējuma filtri un krāsu opcijas ir piemērojamas IRC lietošanai. Atbalstīto IRC klientu skaitā ir: BitchX, Gaim/Pidgin, ircII, Irssi, Konversation, Kopete, KSirc, KVIrc, Weechat un Xchat, kā arī visi citi, kas spēj parādīt iebūvētu vai ārēju Inxi izvadi.
Kā instalēt Inxi Linux sistēmā
Inix ir pieejams lielākajā daļā parasto Linux izplatīšanas krātuvju un darbojas arī ar BSD.
$ sudo apt-get install inxi [On Debian/Ubuntu/Linux Mint] $ sudo yum install inxi [On CentOs/RHEL/Fedora] $ sudo dnf install inxi [On Fedora 22+]
Pirms sākam to izmantot, mēs varam palaist komandu, kas seko, lai pārbaudītu visas lietojumprogrammu atkarības, kā arī ieteikumus un dažādus direktorijus, kā arī parādītu, kāda (-as) pakete (-es) mums jāinstalē, lai pievienotu atbalstu noteiktai funkcijai.
$ inxi --recommends
inxi will now begin checking for the programs it needs to operate. First a check of the main languages and tools inxi uses. Python is only for debugging data collection. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bash version: 4.3.42(1)-release Gawk version: 4.1.3, Sed version: Sudo version: 1.8.16 Python version: 2.7.12 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test One: Required System Directories (Linux Only). If one of these system directories is missing, inxi cannot operate: /proc....................................................................... Present /sys........................................................................ Present All the directories are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Two: Required Core Applications. If one of these applications is missing, inxi cannot operate: df (info: partition data)................................................... /bin/df gawk (info: core tool)...................................................... /usr/bin/gawk grep (info: string search).................................................. /bin/grep lspci (info: hardware data)................................................. /usr/bin/lspci ps (info: process data)..................................................... /bin/ps readlink.................................................................... /bin/readlink sed (info: string replace).................................................. /bin/sed tr (info: character replace)................................................ /usr/bin/tr uname (info: kernel data)................................................... /bin/uname wc (info: word character count)............................................. /usr/bin/wc All the applications are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Three: Script Recommends for Graphics Features. NOTE: If you do not use X these do not matter (like a headless server). Otherwise, if one of these applications is missing, inxi will have incomplete output: glxinfo (info: -G glx info)................................................. /usr/bin/glxinfo xdpyinfo (info: -G multi screen resolution)................................. /usr/bin/xdpyinfo xprop (info: -S desktop data)............................................... /usr/bin/xprop xrandr (info: -G single screen resolution).................................. /usr/bin/xrandr All the applications are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Four: Script Recommends for Remaining Features. If one of these applications is missing, inxi will have incomplete output: dig (info: -i first wlan ip default test)................................... /usr/bin/dig dmidecode (info: -M if no sys machine data; -m memory)...................... /usr/sbin/dmidecode file (info: -o unmounted file system)....................................... /usr/bin/file hciconfig (info: -n -i bluetooth data)...................................... /bin/hciconfig hddtemp (info: -Dx show hdd temp)........................................... /usr/sbin/hddtemp ifconfig (info: -i ip lan-deprecated)....................................... /sbin/ifconfig ip (info: -i ip lan)........................................................ /sbin/ip sensors (info: -s sensors output)........................................... /usr/bin/sensors strings (info: -I sysvinit version)......................................... /usr/bin/strings lsusb (info: -A usb audio;-N usb networking)................................ /usr/bin/lsusb modinfo (info: -Ax,-Nx module version)...................................... /sbin/modinfo runlevel (info: -I runlevel)................................................ /sbin/runlevel sudo (info: -Dx hddtemp-user;-o file-user).................................. /usr/bin/sudo uptime (info: -I uptime (check which package owns Debian)).................. /usr/bin/uptime All the applications are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Five: Script Recommends for Remaining Features. One of these downloaders needed for options -i/-w/-W (-U/-! [11-15], if supported): wget (info: -i wan ip;-w/-W;-U/-! [11-15] (if supported))................... /usr/bin/wget curl (info: -i wan ip;-w/-W;-U/-! [11-15] (if supported))................... /usr/bin/curl All the applications are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Six: System Directories for Various Information. (Unless otherwise noted, these are for GNU/Linux systems) If one of these directories is missing, inxi may have incomplete output: /sys/class/dmi/id (info: -M system, motherboard, bios)...................... Present /dev (info: -l,-u,-o,-p,-P,-D disk partition data).......................... Present /dev/disk/by-label (info: -l,-o,-p,-P partition labels)..................... Present /dev/disk/by-uuid (info: -u,-o,-p,-P partition uuid)........................ Present All the directories are present. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Test Seven: System Files for Various Information. (Unless otherwise noted, these are for GNU/Linux systems) If one of these files is missing, inxi may have incomplete output: /proc/asound/cards (info: -A sound card data)............................... Present /proc/asound/version (info: -A ALSA data)................................... Present /proc/cpuinfo (info: -C cpu data)........................................... Present /etc/lsb-release (info: -S distro version data [deprecated])................ Present /proc/mdstat (info: -R mdraid data)......................................... Present /proc/meminfo (info: -I memory data)........................................ Present /etc/os-release (info: -S distro version data).............................. Present /proc/partitions (info: -p,-P partitions data).............................. Present /proc/modules (info: -G module data)........................................ Present /proc/mounts (info: -P,-p partition advanced data).......................... Present /var/run/dmesg.boot (info: -D,-d disk data [BSD only])...................... Missing /proc/scsi/scsi (info: -D Advanced hard disk data [used rarely])............ Present /var/log/Xorg.0.log (info: -G graphics driver load status).................. Present The following files are missing from your system: File: /var/run/dmesg.boot --------------------------------------------------------------------------- All tests completed.
Inxi rīka pamata izmantošana Linux
Tālāk ir norādītas dažas Inxi pamata iespējas, kuras mēs varam izmantot, lai apkopotu informāciju par mašīnu un sistēmu.
Palaižot bez karodziņiem, Inxi ražos izvadi, kas saistīts ar sistēmas procesoru, kodolu, darbības laiku, atmiņas lielumu, cietā diska izmēru, procesu skaitu, izmantoto klientu un inxi versiju:
$ inxi CPU~Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) speed/max~2164/2700 MHz Kernel~4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 Up~3:15 Mem~3122.0/7879.9MB HDD~1000.2GB(20.0% used) Procs~234 Client~Shell inxi~2.2.35
Zemāk esošajā komandā tiks parādīta sistēmas informācijas paraugs (resursdatora nosaukums, kodola informācija, darbvirsmas vide un disto), izmantojot karodziņu -S
:
$ inxi -S System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7 Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah
Lai drukātu mašīnas datus tāpat kā produkta datus (sistēma, produkta ID, versija, Mobo, modelis, BIOS utt.), Mēs varam izmantot opciju -M
šādi:
$ inxi -M Machine: System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20354 v: Lenovo Z50-70 Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014
Mēs varam parādīt pilnīgu CPU informāciju, tostarp par CPU pulksteņa ātrumu un CPU maksimālo ātrumu (ja pieejams) ar karodziņu -C
šādi:
$ inxi -C CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1942 MHz 2: 1968 MHz 3: 1734 MHz 4: 1710 MHz
Opciju -G
var izmantot, lai parādītu grafikas kartes informāciju (kartes tips, displeja serveris, izšķirtspēja, GLX renderētājs un GLX versija), piemēram:
$ inxi -G Graphics: Card-1: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller Card-2: NVIDIA GM108M [GeForce 840M] Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: [email GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0
Lai iegūtu informāciju par sistēmas audio/skaņas karti, mēs izmantojam karodziņu -A
:
$ inxi -A Audio: Card-1 Intel 8 Series HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Sound: ALSA v: k4.4.0-21-generic Card-2 Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel
Lai parādītu tīkla kartes informāciju, mēs varam izmantot karodziņu -N
:
$ inxi -N Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller driver: r8169 Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be
Lai skatītu pilnu informāciju par cieto disku (izmērs, id, modelis), mēs varam izmantot karodziņu -D
:
$ inxi -D Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB
Parādīt apkopotu informāciju par sistēmu; apvienojot visu iepriekš minēto informāciju, mums jāizmanto karogs -b
, kā norādīts zemāk:
$ inxi -b System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7 Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah Machine: System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20354 v: Lenovo Z50-70 Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014 CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) speed/max: 2018/2700 MHz Graphics: Card-1: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller Card-2: NVIDIA GM108M [GeForce 840M] Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: [email GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller driver: r8169 Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used) Info: Processes: 233 Uptime: 3:23 Memory: 3137.5/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
Nākamā komanda ļaus mums apskatīt pilnu cietā diska nodalījumu sarakstu attiecībā pret lielumu, izmantoto un pieejamo vietu, failu sistēmu, kā arī failu sistēmas tipu katrā nodalījumā ar karodziņu -p
:
$ inxi -p Partition: ID-1: / size: 324G used: 183G (60%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda10 ID-2: swap-1 size: 4.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda9
Lai parādītu pilnīgu Inxi izvadi, mēs izmantojam karodziņu -F
, kā norādīts zemāk (ņemiet vērā, ka noteikti dati tiek filtrēti drošības apsvērumu dēļ, piemēram, WAN IP):
$ inxi -F System: Host: TecMint Kernel: 4.4.0-21-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: Cinnamon 3.0.7 Distro: Linux Mint 18 Sarah Machine: System: LENOVO (portable) product: 20354 v: Lenovo Z50-70 Mobo: LENOVO model: Lancer 5A5 v: 31900059WIN Bios: LENOVO v: 9BCN26WW date: 07/31/2014 CPU: Dual core Intel Core i5-4210U (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB clock speeds: max: 2700 MHz 1: 1716 MHz 2: 1764 MHz 3: 1776 MHz 4: 1800 MHz Graphics: Card-1: Intel Haswell-ULT Integrated Graphics Controller Card-2: NVIDIA GM108M [GeForce 840M] Display Server: X.Org 1.18.4 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: [email GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Haswell Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 11.2.0 Audio: Card-1 Intel 8 Series HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Sound: ALSA v: k4.4.0-21-generic Card-2 Intel Haswell-ULT HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller driver: r8169 IF: enp1s0 state: up speed: 100 Mbps duplex: full mac: 28:d2:44:eb:bd:98 Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be IF: wlp2s0 state: down mac: 38:b1:db:7c:78:c7 Drives: HDD Total Size: 1000.2GB (20.0% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: ST1000LM024_HN size: 1000.2GB Partition: ID-1: / size: 324G used: 183G (60%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda10 ID-2: swap-1 size: 4.00GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda9 RAID: No RAID devices: /proc/mdstat, md_mod kernel module present Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 56.0C mobo: N/A Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A Info: Processes: 234 Uptime: 3:26 Memory: 3188.9/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
Linux sistēmas uzraudzība ar Inxi rīku
Tālāk ir norādītas dažas iespējas, kas tiek izmantotas, lai uzraudzītu Linux sistēmas procesus, darbspējas laiku, atmiņu utt.
Saņemiet apkopotu sistēmas informāciju attiecībā uz kopējo procesu skaitu, darbspēju un atmiņas lietojumu:
$ inxi -I Info: Processes: 232 Uptime: 3:35 Memory: 3256.3/7879.9MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.2.35
Pēc noklusējuma tas var mums palīdzēt noteikt top 5 procesus, kas patērē CPU vai atmiņu. Opcija -t
, kas tiek izmantota kopā ar opcijām c
(CPU) un/vai m
(atmiņa), uzskaita piecus visaktīvākos procesus, kas apēd CPU un/vai atmiņa, kā parādīts zemāk:
----------------- Linux CPU Usage ----------------- $ inxi -t c Processes: CPU: % used - top 5 active 1: cpu: 53.7% command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: cpu: 20.0% command: java pid: 1527 3: cpu: 19.7% command: firefox pid: 3018 4: cpu: 4.6% command: Xorg pid: 2114 5: cpu: 3.0% command: cinnamon pid: 2835
----------------- Linux Memoery Usage ----------------- $ inxi -t m Processes: Memory: MB / % used - Used/Total: 3212.5/7879.9MB - top 5 active 1: mem: 980.51MB (12.4%) command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: mem: 508.96MB (6.4%) command: java pid: 1527 3: mem: 507.89MB (6.4%) command: firefox pid: 3018 4: mem: 244.05MB (3.0%) command: chrome pid: 7405 5: mem: 211.46MB (2.6%) command: chrome pid: 6146
----------------- Linux CPU and Memory Usage ----------------- $ inxi -t cm Processes: CPU: % used - top 5 active 1: cpu: 53.7% command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: cpu: 20.0% command: java pid: 1527 3: cpu: 19.7% command: firefox pid: 3018 4: cpu: 4.6% command: Xorg pid: 2114 5: cpu: 3.0% command: cinnamon pid: 2835 Memory: MB / % used - Used/Total: 3223.6/7879.9MB - top 5 active 1: mem: 991.93MB (12.5%) command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: mem: 508.96MB (6.4%) command: java pid: 1527 3: mem: 507.86MB (6.4%) command: firefox pid: 3018 4: mem: 244.45MB (3.1%) command: chrome pid: 7405 5: mem: 211.68MB (2.6%) command: chrome pid: 6146
Mēs varam izmantot cm
numuru (skaitlis var būt 1-20), lai norādītu skaitli, kas nav 5, zemāk redzamā komanda parādīs 10 visaktīvākos procesus, kas apēd CPU un atmiņu.
$ inxi -t cm10 Processes: CPU: % used - top 10 active 1: cpu: 53.4% command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: cpu: 19.8% command: java pid: 1527 3: cpu: 19.5% command: firefox pid: 3018 4: cpu: 4.5% command: Xorg pid: 2114 5: cpu: 3.0% command: cinnamon pid: 2835 6: cpu: 2.8% command: chrome pid: 7405 7: cpu: 1.1% command: pulseaudio pid: 2733 8: cpu: 1.0% command: soffice.bin pid: 7799 9: cpu: 0.9% command: chrome pid: 5763 10: cpu: 0.5% command: chrome pid: 6179 Memory: MB / % used - Used/Total: 3163.1/7879.9MB - top 10 active 1: mem: 976.82MB (12.3%) command: plugin-container pid: 3066 2: mem: 511.70MB (6.4%) command: java pid: 1527 3: mem: 466.01MB (5.9%) command: firefox pid: 3018 4: mem: 244.40MB (3.1%) command: chrome pid: 7405 5: mem: 203.71MB (2.5%) command: chrome pid: 6146 6: mem: 199.74MB (2.5%) command: chrome pid: 5763 7: mem: 168.30MB (2.1%) command: cinnamon pid: 2835 8: mem: 165.51MB (2.1%) command: soffice.bin pid: 7799 9: mem: 158.91MB (2.0%) command: chrome pid: 6179 10: mem: 151.83MB (1.9%) command: mysqld pid: 1259
Tālāk sniegtā komanda parādīs mūsdienīgu tīkla kartes informāciju, ieskaitot saskarni, ātrumu, mac id, stāvokli, IP utt.:
$ inxi -Nni Network: Card-1: Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller driver: r8169 IF: enp1s0 state: up speed: 100 Mbps duplex: full mac: 28:d2:44:eb:bd:98 Card-2: Realtek RTL8723BE PCIe Wireless Network Adapter driver: rtl8723be IF: wlp2s0 state: down mac: 38:b1:db:7c:78:c7 WAN IP: 111.91.115.195 IF: wlp2s0 ip-v4: N/A IF: enp1s0 ip-v4: 192.168.0.103
Mēs varam izsekot aparatūras uzstādīto/konfigurēto sensoru izejai, izmantojot -s opciju:
$ inxi -s Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 53.0C mobo: N/A Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
Mēs varam arī apskatīt, vai informācija (lai gan izmantotā API nav uzticama) pašreizējai atrašanās vietai, iestatot -w
vai -W
, lai iestatītu citā vietā.
$ inxi -w Weather: Conditions: 93 F (34 C) - smoke Time: February 20, 1:38 PM IST $ inxi -W Mumbai,India Weather: Conditions: 93 F (34 C) - smoke Time: February 20, 1:38 PM IST $ inxi -W Nairobi,Kenya Weather: Conditions: 70 F (21 C) - Mostly Cloudy Time: February 20, 11:08 AM EAT
Mēs varam papildus apskatīt krātuves datus ar karodziņu -r
:
$ inxi -r Repos: Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dawidd0811-neofetch-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/dawidd0811/neofetch/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/dawidd0811/neofetch/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dhor-myway-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/dhor/myway/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/dhor/myway/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/official-package-repositories.list deb http://packages.linuxmint.com sarah main upstream import backport deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu/ xenial partner Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/qbittorrent-team-qbittorrent-stable-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/qbittorrent-team/qbittorrent-stable/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/qbittorrent-team/qbittorrent-stable/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/slgobinath-safeeyes-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/slgobinath/safeeyes/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/slgobinath/safeeyes/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/snwh-pulp-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/snwh/pulp/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/snwh/pulp/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/twodopeshaggy-jarun-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/twodopeshaggy/jarun/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/twodopeshaggy/jarun/ubuntu xenial main Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu-mozilla-security-ppa-xenial.list deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-mozilla-security/ppa/ubuntu xenial main
Lai skatītu tā pašreizējo instalēto versiju, ātru palīdzību un atveriet rokasgrāmatu, lai iegūtu pilnu iespēju sarakstu un detalizētu informāciju par lietošanu, kā arī daudz ko citu, ierakstiet:
$ inxi -v #show version $ inxi -h #quick help $ man inxi #open man page
Lai iegūtu papildinformāciju, apmeklējiet oficiālo GitHub repozitoriju: https://github.com/smxi/inxi
Tas pagaidām ir viss! Šajā rakstā mēs pārskatījām Inxi - pilnībā aprīkotu un ievērojamu komandrindas rīku, kas paredzēts mašīnas aparatūras un sistēmas informācijas apkopošanai. Šis ir viens no labākajiem uz CLI balstītajiem aparatūras/sistēmas informācijas vākšanas rīkiem Linux, ko jebkad esmu izmantojis.
Lai dalītos savās domās par to, izmantojiet zemāk esošo komentāru veidlapu. Visbeidzot, ja jūs zināt citus noderīgus rīkus, piemēram, Inxi, varat mūs informēt, un mēs ar prieku tos arī pārskatīsim.